The Early Stuarts and the English Civil War Notes

1. In 1603 England and Scotland would come together
2. James Stuart was James VI of Scotland
• He becomes king of England and is James I of England
3.  England and Scotland tore each other apart
4. In the end there would be a united Britain, but not a united kingdom, a united republic
5. Charles I is the son of James VI of Scotland/I of England
6. The British Wars
• Civil wars were the wars of ideas
7. In the 17th century there is a new era of limiting the king
8. http://www.britainexpress.com/History/Early_Stuarts_and_the_Civil_War.htm
• James I
• The Gunpowder Plot
• Guy Fawkes
• The Rise of the Puritans
• The Puritans did not get along with James
• James believed they were too radical
• The King James Bible
• 17th Century translation of the Bible into English
• Still used by many Protestants
• High points of English literature in the 17th Century
• Charles I
• The son of James I
• An absolutist
• Fought with Parliament over the right to levy taxes
• Parliament responded with the Petition of Right in 1628
• Ship Money
• A tax that applied to ports throughout the country
• Parliament is dissolved and reinstated
• Civil War
• Parliament was making demands that the king refused to meet
• The nobility and the peasantry supported the king, but the middle class was against him
• The middle class was against him because they could stand to lose or gain money based on their business skills
• They will never be part of the nobility, but they could lose all their money and become peasants.
• The peasants can't become any lower than they are
• The nobles get their money from the king and the peasants depend on the nobles for money
• Roundheads
• Parliamentary troops
• Cavaliers
• The king's army
• Oliver Cromwell
• New Model Army
• Marston Moor
• The death of a king
9. The wars were the crucible of our modern history
10. Charles saw himself as the father of the nation
• He would listen to the people when he felt it necessary
11. Money triggered the countdown to the civil war
12. England declared war on Spain which used up much of their money
13. Charles wanted to be a Christian warrior
14. Henry Stuart was the older brother of Charles and he died young
• The first son of James I
• His little brother Charles I takes his place as king
15. King Charles dismissed Parliament
16. Charles was forced to call another Parliament because he ran out of money again
17. In 1603 England and Scotland came together. 
18. James Stuart was James VI of Scotland. When he becomes King of England he becomes James I of England. 
• James believes that there should be an absolute monarchy. This causes a strained relationship between him and Parliament. 
19. England and Scotland tore each other apart through civil wars. 
20. Charles I of England was the second son of James I. 
21. In the end there would be a united Britain, but not a united kingdom, a united republic. 
The British Wars
22. They were wars of ideas. 
23. Should people be governed by their own consent or by God?
24. http://www.britainexpress.com/History/Early_Stuarts_and_the_Civil_War.htm
25. The Gunpowder Plot
• Guy Fawkes
26. The Rise of the Puritans
• The Puritans did not get along with James
• James was Protestant, but he believed that they were too radical. 
27. The King James Bible
• 17th Century translation of the Bible into English
• Still used by many Protestants 
• High points of English literature in the 17th Century
28. Charles I
• Son of James I.
• Continues his fathers policies, as well as his father's harsh relationship with parliament. 
• Fought with Parliament over the right to levy taxes. 
• parliament responded with the Petition of Right in 1628. 
29. Ship Money
• a tax that previously applied only to ports.  
• In 1634, Charles attempted to levy "ship-money"
• Parliament is dissolved and reinstated. 
30. Civil War
• Parliament was making demands that the king refused to meet
• The nobility and the peasantry supported the king, but the middle class was against him. 
• The middle class was against him because they could stand to lose or gain money depending on their business
• They will never be part of the nobility, but they could lose all their money and become peasants. 
• The peasants can't become any lower than they are. 
• The peasants depend on the nobility for their survival, so they are on the nobles side. 
• Roundheads 
• Parliamentary troops
• supported by the middle class
• Cavaliers
• The King's army
• supported by nobility and peasantry 
• Oliver Cromwell
• New Model Army
31. Marston Moor
32. The death of a king
33. These wars were the crucible of our modern history. 
34. Charles believed that kings were little gods on earth. 
35. He would only listen to the people when he felt it was necessary
36. Money triggered the countdown to the civil war. 
37. England declared war on Spain which used up much of their money. 
38. Charles wanted to be a Christian warrior. 
39. Henry Stuart was the older brother of Charles and he died young. 
• The first son of James I
• His little brother Charles I takes his places as king. 
40. King Charles dismissed Parliament. 
41. Charles was forced to call another Parliament because he ran out of money again.