England Notes

1. English Dynasties
• Saxon
• Viking
• Norman (1066)
• Brought French culture and literature
• Latin language and Christianity
• All laws were written in French
• William gained knowledge to all of the customs
• Recorded in the Domesday Book
• Plantagenet
• Ruled England for over 300 years 1154-1485
• AP test starts when the Plantagenets are at the end of their reign
• Henry II- tried to imperialize, feudal kingships, burned bridges with other countries
• Purpose is to gain back land lost in England
• English foreign relations will be based on the rulers of the other countries rather than the needs of the country
• The Welsh and Scotts fought for their independence
• Richard I
• Mostly away fighting the Crusades
• They were in the Holy Land pushing back the Islamic fighters
• Jerusalem and Constantinople were most fought over cities
• The Third Crusade Richard went up against Saladin and lost
• People were forced to give up English internationalism
• The English themselves were forced to look inward
• Gain of nationalism/loss of internationalism
• Considered good as opposed to John
• John was forced to sign the Magna Carta
• The king was subjected to the same laws as everyone else
• Took away power from the king and gave more to the barons
• Set up the modern Parliamentary system in England
• Must memorize the Plantagenet timeline
• Henry II
• Richard I and King John
• John signs Magna Carta
• Henry III
• Son of King John
• Known for a new look of England
• Edward I
• Son of Henry III
• Conquered Wales
• Most successful in battles against the Scotts
• Known as the Hammer of the Scotts
• Two great Scottish heroes- William Wallace and Robert the Bruce
• Edward II
• Son of Edward I
• Edward III
• Son of Edward II
• Richard II
• Son of Edward III
• Henry IV
• Son of Richard II
• Henry V
• Son of Henry IV