Monday, January 24, 2011

Peter the Great

  1. Russian Empire- continued after the four empires ended in WWI
  2. rise and fall of empires is a theme of this course
  3. Peter Great was given for expanding Russia
  4. what Peter the Great did-pushed back the neighbors that had blocked the expansion of Moscow-Sweden
  5. Poltava, Poland, Turks, and Swedes are defeated for expansion
  6. dreamed of capturing Constantinople that would give him control of the straights to black sea
  7. peter the great was te first of Russian tsars that dreamed of this-
  8. Azov-access of black sea-lose and are forced to surrender after an unsuccessful
  9. despite this dramatic expansion of Russian empire, does not get this outlet to the black sea
  10. Russia's participation in European affairs had been minimal-
  11. Louis XIV sent a letter to Russian Tsar who had been dead for 12 years because Russia was so out of communication
  12. after Russian victories began, Europeans began to recognize Peter and began to have a fear of him and Sweden too with Gustavus Adolphus
  13. There is no other European states expanding their empire overseas that adds as much land to its empire from the 1630-1740’s as Russia
  14. about 2 million square miles
  15. first child of father’s second wife
  16. Boyar threw over nobles
  17. died in 1725-no strict rules for succession of tsar
  18. family battle royale
  19. no foreign minister-
  20. council of the nobles-met in the throne of nobles-known as Duma
  21. his absolutism is because of his personality
  22. opening up of Russia to Euro ideas
  23. he does this himself
  24. as a boy he was very smart and into science
  25. traveled often to Europe
  26. took archaic structure and transforms it into an absolute monarchy
  27. common to Hapsburg, France, Sweden
  28. wants to open up Russia to commerce-wanted wealth for improvement of Russian life
  29. made Russia a huge military power
  30. injects European culture
  31. the tension in Russia between
  32. peter was at least 6 foot 7-guards of Frederick the Great were Giants because they were six feet tall
  33. most people were 5 foot 4
  34. napoleon was the average height of most people in France
  35. he had extremely small hands and feet and stumbles sometimes when he walked
  36. odd facial ticks that he could not help-turrets
  37. torturous-sometimes kept people alive to suffer longer-had people come and watch so that people could be warned not to act up
  38. executed people himself
  39. incidents where his merciful side came through as well-when it came to treason he was less likely to be nice
  40. ex. his son that he tortured
  41. his second wife was a Latvian peasant maid- the nobles thought it was horrific
  42. he was capable of playing the role of a tsar but there are more images of him in battered clothing to recognize his struggles
  43. like the company of ordinary people-identified himself with the common people
  44. liked to walk, avoided carriages
  45. commoners were sometimes better dressed than he was
  46. ate standing up and jumped from table to table to socialize
  47. liked living in a basic peasant house found in the outskirts of Moscow
  48. drunken assembly-mock parliament
  49. getting wasted then making mockery decisions
  50. saying that being a Tsar is more than just playing the role
  51. he had to manifest strength, firmness, and bravery
  52. got to work earliest
  53. loved maps and geography-self taught
  54. made spelling mistakes-had bad handwriting
  55. built a private library with ordinary books and teaching books
  56. sang religious music and played the drums
  57. peter wanted a navy-needed a port
  58. he first built a navy on rivers using Dutch shipmasters from Amsterdam
  59. learned Dutch in 1696 he went to western Europe incognito to learn military skills
  60. interested in baroque
  61. makes nobles junior partners in absolutism
  62. asked men and women to dress like European and to adopt non-Russian customs for Russia
  63. tremendous tensions with the church even though he is deeply religious
  64. some put on western styled wigs
  65. women began to wear heals
  66. his son was more under influence of tradition
  67. plots against his father
  68. father tortures him
  69. son dies of a cold after being put in a cell
  70. weakened
  71. what lasted was the Europeanization of western culture
  72. has books translated from west into Russian
  73. Russian students sent abroad to study at universities
  74. peter was a son of European rationalism-rationality rather than traditionalism
  75. not against the church but thought people were wasting their time being monks
  76. did not serve state or the dynasty
  77. in Siberia, this empire amounted to little more than a series of trading posts. Peter the great creates this empire that will have great influence after a while
  78. will have an enormous influence on Asian powers as well
  79. open up Russia to commerce knowing that trade means wealth
  80. makes Russia a military power in 17th and early 18th century
  81. injects euro culture into Russia
  82. what is Russian that should stay non-secular and what is Russian that should be modified?
  83. peter is at least 6’7’’--extremely small hands and small feet
  84. very torturous
  85. enormous ambivalent to his power-married a Latvian commoner
  86. boyars-horrified
  87. sad childhood
  88. loved sleeping on ships-rocking allowed him to sleep
  89. he ate peasant food
  90. had a natural manner-could be considered inappropriate
  91. liked masquerades
  92. always took fake names as commoners so that he would look like a peasant
  93. very interested in the sciences

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