1066 Notes

1. 1066 Battle of Hastings- William the Conqueror defeats King Harold of England
2. The Domesday Book- survey of everything that was in England at the time that William took charge
3. Crusades began in the 12th century
4. The Norman aristocracy spoke French- all of their laws were written in French
5. English is a Germanic language
6. Literature written before the Norman aristocracy in English would not be intelligible today
7. Balliol, Bruce, and Wallace families in Scottish medieval history
8. Irish had to deal with Viking raids
9. England begins to look more inward after 1200
• The Crusades had been a bad idea
10. Treaty of Paris (1259)
• 200 years after the Norman invasion, Henry is forced to sign this treaty which gives up every English right to Norman land
11. Marriage itself becomes a political tool among the European monarchies and aristocrats
12. During the reign of Henry III many closer links with France
• "Englishness" is more evident
13. Edward I become king in the last quarter of the 13th century
• Financial organization in England becomes centralized
14. "Rebellions in Wales are testament to some Welshmen's continuing struggle for independence."